Polysomnography is the study of sleep ,sleep architecture,sleep latency,sleep efficiency and various events going on in the boby during sleep, like aruosals, apnea, hypopnea, hypoventilation, central/obstructive apnea, central/obstructive hypopnea oxygen saturation,level of carbon dioxide,heart rhythm, frequency and amplitude of brain activities, muscle tone ,respiratory efforts,leg movements and snoring
In accordance with the recommendation of American Academy of Sleep Medicine ,Pediatric PSG(POLYSOMNOGRAPHY) should be done in child friendly sleep lab which should be well equipped and attended by a well qualified technician in doing Pediatric sleep study
It should be done overnight and at least 6 hours of sleep time should be recorded. Sleep latency and sleep efficiency should be recorded.Pediatric reference should be taken into account after 2 months of age and Adult criteria after 18 years of age although adult criteria can be used after 13 years of age.Before 2 months Neonatal reference range should be used
PROBES & EQUIPMENTS-
EEG -For the recording of brain activities during sleep. Probes are put on Frontal, Coronal and Occipital locations with reference probe at opposite mastoid to make a channel like F2-M1,C2-M1,O2-M1
ECG-One probe is usually sufficient to see the rhythm
EOG-Placed on either side of eyes 0.5 cm lateral to outer canthi ,one slightly above and other slightly below to record the lateral and horizontal eye movements
EMG-Over the chin to record the tone of muscle and over the leg to record the leg movements
Oronasal thermister to check of Apnes and nasal pressure transducer to check for hypopnea
Thoracic & Abdominal Belts to record respiratory Efforts
SPO2 Monitor to record oxygen saturation during sleep
ctCo2/PETco2 to record Co2 level in case of hypoventilation
Audio Recording to record snoring
Video Recording for recording of various movements
